16,596 research outputs found
The relationship of ethnicity, socio-economic factors and malnutrition in primary school children in North of Iran: A cross-sectional study
related factors based on three ethnic groups among primary school children in north of Iran in 2010. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out through multistage cluster random sampling on 5698 subjects (2505 Fars-native, 2154 Turkman, and 1039 Sistani) in 112 schools. Well-trained staffs completed the questionnaire and measured students' weight and height. Malnutrition estimated the Z-score less than -2SD for underweight, stunting and wasting were calculated using the cutoffs from WHO references. Results: Generally, malnutrition was observed in 3.20%, 4.93% and 5.13% based on underweight, stunting and wasting respectively. It was more common in girls than in boys and in Sistani than in other ethnic groups. The correlation between malnutrition based on underweight and stunting and ethnicity was statisti-cally significant (P=0.001). Results of logistic regression analyses showed that the risk of malnutrition was in rural area 1.34 times more than urban area, in girls 1.17 times more than boys, in Sistani ethnic group 1.82 times more than Fars-native ethnic group, in low economic families 2.01 times more than high economic families. Conclusion: Underweight, stunting and wasting are the health problems in primary school children in north of Iran with a higher prevalence in girls, in rural areas, and in Sistani ethnic group
Inflation with TeV-scale gravity
Allowing for the possibility of large extra dimensions, the fundamental
Planck scale could be anywhere in the range \TeV\lsim M\lsim \mpl, where
\mpl=2.4\times 10^{18}\GeV is the four-dimensional Planck scale. If
M\sim\TeV, quantum corrections would not destabilize the Higgs mass even if
there were no supersymmetry. But we point out that supersymmetry must in fact
be present, if there is an era of cosmological inflation, since during such an
era the inflaton mass satisfies m\ll M^2/\mpl=10^{-15}(M/\TeV) and
supersymmetry will be needed to protect it. If the inflation hypothesis is
accepted, there is no reason to think that Nature has chosen the low value
M\sim \TeV, however convenient that choice might have been for the next
generation of collider experiments.Comment: 6 pages, to appear in PLB. v3 has Same conclusion stated more
precisel
Transition to turbulence in particle laden flows
Suspended particles can alter the properties of fluids and in particular also
affect the transition from laminar to turbulent flow. In the present
experimental study, we investigate the impact of neutrally buoyant, spherical
inertial particles on transition to turbulence in a pipe flow. At low particle
concentrations, like in single phase Newtonian fluids, turbulence only sets in
when triggered by sufficiently large perturbations and, as characteristic for
this transition localized turbulent regions (puffs) co-exist with laminar flow.
In agreement with earlier studies this transition point initially moves to
lower Reynolds number (Re) as the particle concentration increases. At higher
concentrations however the nature of the transition qualitatively changes:
Laminar flow gives way to a globally fluctuating state following a continuous,
non-hysteretic transition. A further increase in Re results in a secondary
instability where localized puff-like structures arise on top of the uniformly
fluctuating background flow. At even higher concentration only the uniformly
fluctuating flow is found and signatures of Newtonian type turbulence are no
longer observed
The Kernel Interaction Trick: Fast Bayesian Discovery of Pairwise Interactions in High Dimensions
Discovering interaction effects on a response of interest is a fundamental
problem faced in biology, medicine, economics, and many other scientific
disciplines. In theory, Bayesian methods for discovering pairwise interactions
enjoy many benefits such as coherent uncertainty quantification, the ability to
incorporate background knowledge, and desirable shrinkage properties. In
practice, however, Bayesian methods are often computationally intractable for
even moderate-dimensional problems. Our key insight is that many hierarchical
models of practical interest admit a particular Gaussian process (GP)
representation; the GP allows us to capture the posterior with a vector of O(p)
kernel hyper-parameters rather than O(p^2) interactions and main effects. With
the implicit representation, we can run Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) over
model hyper-parameters in time and memory linear in p per iteration. We focus
on sparsity-inducing models and show on datasets with a variety of covariate
behaviors that our method: (1) reduces runtime by orders of magnitude over
naive applications of MCMC, (2) provides lower Type I and Type II error
relative to state-of-the-art LASSO-based approaches, and (3) offers improved
computational scaling in high dimensions relative to existing Bayesian and
LASSO-based approaches.Comment: Accepted at ICML 2019. 20 pages, 4 figures, 3 table
Use of multiple transmitters for 3-D non-intrusive particle tracking
A method for non-intrusive tracking of a particle in 3-dimensional space, based on processing of signals emitted from a transmitter embedded in the particle, is being developed. This method uses a mathematical model, which predicts the induced signal in receivers present in the vicinity of flowing particle, and supporting numerical techniques. Specific application aspects related to improving the accuracy of this method are presented.
The focus here is the development of flexible software capable of processing information coming from multiple transmitters with known distinct spatial orientation. Implementation aspects of modified existing empirical corrections for improving model-reality agreement, and new techniques for selecting quality information to overcome stray discontinuities in position and improving the accuracy of results are discussed. Future work to foolproof the system under varying applications is suggested
Dilepton Production in and Colliders
In an collider, a striking signature for a dilepton gauge boson is
\ep \ ; this cross-section is calculated by using the helicity amplitude
technique. At HERA, with center-of-mass energy , a dilepton
mass above is inaccessible but at LEPII-LHC, with a center-of-mass
energy , masses up to 650 GeV can be discovered. In an
collider, the signature is \ee \ . The cross-sections of this process
are also calculated for the center-of-mass energies and
.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures (not included), IFP-428-UN
Verifying proofs in constant depth
In this paper we initiate the study of proof systems where verification of proofs proceeds by NC circuits. We investigate the question which languages admit proof systems in this very restricted model. Formulated alternatively, we ask which languages can be enumerated by NC functions. Our results show that the answer to this problem is not determined by the complexity of the language. On the one hand, we construct NC proof systems for a variety of languages ranging from regular to NP-complete. On the other hand, we show by combinatorial methods that even easy regular languages such as Exact-OR do not admit NC proof systems. We also present a general construction of proof systems for regular languages with strongly connected NFA's
A Study of the Impact of HRD Practices and Measures to Resolve Pertinent Challenging Issues of HRD in Commercial Banks in India
A well groomed, updated and awarded employee is an organization is just like a close circuit hidden camera. This sentence speaks a lot about the importance of human resource development and its increasing popularity and widely practised character in industrial and business world. Indian commercial banking scenario is not an exception to this. Many challenging issues are being experienced in the process of HRD. Prominent among them are to include: (i) whether the expenses incurred on HRD practices and measures are to be treated as revenue expenditure or capital expenditure; (ii) how to retain the human resources once they are developed in the organization, and (iii) how to overcome the resistance shown by the employees for undergoing HRD process. Against these challenges, there is a belief among bank employees that they extend full co-operation to the HRD efforts and are ready to accept the change. Therefore, a research work entitled "ASTUDY OF THE IMPACT OF HRD PRACTICES AND MEASURES TO RESOLVE PERTINENT CHALLENGING ISSUES OF HRD IN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN INDIA" has been undertaken to know the perceptions of the bank employees in this field
Studies on the structure of poliovirus
Electron micrographs of poliovirus using negative staining technique and rotation technique suggest that the virus probably has 42 morphological subunits and 240 structural units or polypeptides. The structural units may also represent two different types of proteins
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